INTRODUCTION:

Diversional therapy is used to reduce pain in children by using various diversional therapy like music, play, art, cognitive behaviour therapy ect. In 1967 diversional therapy was introduced into nursing homes at the time the New South Wales State Government was looking to transfer psychiatric patients from the large Schedule V institutions, to the community.¹

Diversional therapy is a recreational activities promote self-esteem and personal fulfilment, through an emphasis on holistic care; providing physical, psychological, social, intellectual and spiritual/cultural support.²Diversional Therapy is not just about passing the time, about being entertainers or babysitters. As an unknown author once said "Recreation's purpose is not to kill time, but to make time live; not to keep people occupied, but to keep them refreshed; not to offer an escape from life, but to provide a discovery of life.⁵ The management of pain is one of the primary issues in burn care. Pain is not only a physiologic experience, but a psychological one as well. With this in mind, the treatment of burned patients must incorporate a holistic view of pain management and healing. Cognitive, behavioral, and pharmacologic interventions all have a role in pain management. Studies, as well as clinical experience, have shown that musical intervention has been helpful in assisting patients with pain management in a variety of medical settings. Music is an element of normal life that can be easily adapted for the needs of individual patients and their current environment while providing a means for self expression and for normalizing the environment. This article examines the rationale for using music therapy with burned patients, describes several protocols that have been adapted to meet the specific needs of burned patients, and summarizes our preliminary findings, which demonstrate significant response to music therapy protocols employed on our patients.⁶ The objective of the study is to assess the knowledge of mothers of school going children regarding diversional therapy . To associate the knowledge with selected demographic variable. The assumptions of study is mothers may have some knowledge regarding diversional therapy. The inclusion criteria of study are 1) All mothers of school going children who are willing to participate.2)Those who are available at the time of data collection.3) mothers age group is 20-40 years. and the exclusion criteria of the study are 1)Mother’s who are having some mental illness. 2)Mother’s who are having some physical illness.3)Those related to health professionals.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The Survey Research approach and non experimental descriptive study design was used in this study. The study was conducted in the selected urban area in Wardha district during year 2014 to 2015. The population of the study was mothers of school going children who were fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sampling technique used was non-probability convenience sampling. The study was approved by the institutional ethical committee and the study was conducted in accordance with the ethical guidelines In inclusion criteria of the study are all mothers of school going children who are willing to participate, available at the time of data collection, and age group is 20-40 years. We exclude Mother’s who are having some mental illness, mother’s who are having some physical illness, those related to health professionals. A structured questionnaire to collect knowledge was used for data collection. The analysis was done with the help of SPSS software for statistics.

RESULTS:

The analysis and interpretation of the finding were done under the three sections.

In section A distribution of subject according to their demographic variables. In section B assessment of knowledge of the mothers of school going children regarding diversional therapy. The findings (Table -1) shows that (24%) of mothers had good level of knowledge score, 56% had very good level of knowledge score, and 19% had excellent level of knowledge score regarding diversional therapy. Minimum score was 9 and the maximum score was 18, the mean score was 14.08 ± 2.128 with a mean percentage score of 70.4 ± 10.64.

Table 1: knowledge score of mothers of school going children regarding diversional therapy.

Level of knowledge score	Score	% Score	Knowledge score
Level of knowledge score	Score	% Score	Frequency	%
Poor	1-4	0-20%	0	0
Average	5-8	21-40%	0	0
Good	9-12	41-60%	37	24
Very good	13-16	61-80%	84	56
Excellent	17-20	<80%	29	19
Minimum score	9
Maximum score	18
Mean score	14.08± 2.128
Mean Percentage	70.4 ± 10.64

Fig 1: Assessment of knowledge score of mothers of school going children regarding diversional therapy.

In section C association of knowledge score in relation to their demographic variables. Findings shows that there is association of knowledge score with their demographic variables such as age, education, occupation, income and type of family

DISCUSSION:

In this study we examined the mothers of school going children level of knowledge in relation to demographic variables. Result shows that the 56% of mothers have very good knowledge score regarding diversional therapy.

A survey investigation of the effects of music listening on chronic pain Research interest into alternatives to analgesic medication has grown substantially during the past two decades. Moreover, a number of studies have provided empirical evidence that music listening, and in particular listening to our own preferred music, may provide an emotionally engaging distraction capable of reducing both the sensation of pain itself and the accompanying negative affective experience. The current study is a survey of 318 chronic pain sufferers, which aimed to (i) give a detailed description of the music listening behaviour of this group and relate this to experience of pain and quality of life, and (ii) indicate the numbers who consider music listening to be part of their pain management and investigate their perceptions of the benefits. Results indicated distraction and relaxation to be the most frequently perceived benefits of music reported by participants. Both frequent music listening and a perception of music as personally important were further found to relate to higher quality of life. Also, personal importance of music was significantly related to listening to help pain. These findings suggest beneficial effects of music listening to long-term pain.³

A comparative study was conducted in Finland. The purpose is to hospital children to assess the pain by using art therapy. This study aimed to examine how hospitalized children express pain through drawings, and was carried out by examining children's thematic drawings of pain. A comparison was made between hospitalized children and healthy control groups with respect to the thematic contents and cognitive and emotional characteristics of pain drawings. The drawings were sorted in categories on the basis of content and cognitive competence and emotional disturbances by the Draw-a-Person procedure. The hospitalized children showed a lower level of cognitive capacity than their healthy controls. The control group children revealed a higher level of emotional disturbance than the hospitalized children. ⁴

CONCLUSION:

The present descriptive study findings shows that most of the mothers of school going children have very good knowledge regarding diversional therapy on pain management. The study brought out an important relationship between the demographic variables. Therefore, it is necessary to initiate special educational programs for all the mothers prior to engage them for diversional therapy application. Recommendations are a similar study can be undertaken for large sample to generalize the findings.(i) A comparative study can be carried out the on knowledge regarding effect of diversional therapy on stress and pain management among mother’s of school going children in urban and rural community.(ii) A similar study can be conducted in student nurses on a large population.(iii)A study can be undertaken to identify the existing knowledge and attitude of mothers of school going children regarding diversional therapy.

REFERENCE:

1. Prensner, Jennifer D. BM ,Music Therapy for Assistance with Pain and Anxiety Management in Burn Treatment, January/February 2001, Volume 22, pp 83-88 Wikipedia .org.

2. Jenny Strong, Knowledge about Pain among Newly Graduated Occupational Therapists, Relevance for Curriculum Development. http:// www.Recreationtherapy .com/trquotes.htm

3. Lee SM, Goodwin L, Sherrard PAD. The efficacy of creative arts therapies to enhance emotional expression, spirituality, and psychological well-being of newly diagnosed stage I and stage II breast cancer patients: a preliminary study. Arts Psychother 2006.

4. Kortesluoma RL, Punamäki RL, Nikkonen M. Hospitalized children drawing their pain: the contents and cognitive and emotional characteristics of pain drawings. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19052187

5. The accumulative effects of music therapy on dementia-related speech deficits in a sub-acute hospital setting, http://hdl.handle.net/11343/37122

6. The accumulative effects of music therapy on dementia-related speech deficits in a sub-acute hospital setting, http://hdl.handle.net/11343/37122

Received on 17.10.2017 Modified on 28.11.2017

Asian J. Nursing Education and Research. 2018; 8(3):415-417.

DOI: 10.5958/2349-2996.2018.00085.X