A Study to assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme (STP) on Knowledge regarding risk factors and prevention of Peptic ulcer among the middle age Population in selected urban area at Mehsana City
Mr. Kaushal Patidar1, Mr. Nikhil Patel2
1HOD of Medical Surgical Department, Joitiba College of Nursing, Bhandu, Dist: Mehsana
2Second Year, M.SC. Nursing Student, Joitiba College of Nursing, Bhandu, Dist: Mehsana
*Corresponding Author Email: patelnikhil0550@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
Background: Peptic ulcer is an excavation or hole that forms in the mucosal wall of the stomach, in the pylorus, in the duodenum and in the esophagus. A peptic ulcer is frequently referred to as gastric, duodenal or esophageal ulcer depending on its location or as peptic ulcer disease.1 Aims and Objective: To assess the knowledge regarding risk factors and prevention of peptic ulcer among the middle age population in selected area at Mehsana city. To assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on risk factors and prevention of peptic ulcer among the middle age population in selected area at Mehsana city. To find out the association of the knowledge with their selected demographic variables. Methods- a quantitative approach using pre experimental one group pre test –post test design. 100 people were selected using non probability convenience sampling in Mehsana city. Structure teaching programme was given to the people residing in Mehsana city. Self structure questionnaire will prepare and used to assess the knowledge. Results: in this study overall the highest percentage in the demographic data including the age group 45-50 were 27%, gender male is 64%, religion Hindu is 64%, marital status married 89%, family type joint is 59%, education status primary is 44%, occupation other is 39%, monthly income 10001-15000 is 37%, sample has any bed habits in that no 67%, Bed habits yes in that 43% is smoking, samples chronic illness diabetes is 40%. Out of 100 pre-test samples poor knowledge is 81%, adequate 19% and good 0%. Post-test poor knowledge is 3%, adequate 59% and good 38%. The pre-test knowledge means score is 6.72 and standard deviation is 2.35. Post test knowledge score is 12.89 and standard deviation 3.78. The ‘T’ test calculated value is 34.4 and table ‘T’ test table value is 1.98 which is significant at 0.05 levels. Thus it rejects the null hypothesis and accepts the research hypothesis. The pre test and post test mean % is 26.88% and 51.56% and different is 24.68%.so knowledge is increase after intervention. This indicates that the structure teaching programme is effective in increasing the knowledge regarding risk factor and prevention of peptic ulcer. Chi-square test to associate the level of knowledge and selected demographic variable.
KEYWORDS: Assess, effectiveness, structure teaching programme, knowledge, risk factor, prevention, middle age, people, peptic ulcer and urban area.
INTRODUCTION:
The term peptic ulcer disease generally refers to spectrum of disorders that includes gastric ulcers, pyloric ulcer, and duodenal ulcer and post operative ulcers at or near the site of surgical anastomosis. Duodenal ulcers are 5 to 10 times more common than gastric ulcers. The incidence for duodenal ulcer is 30 to 60 years. The male female ratio is 3:1. The incidence of gastric ulcer is usually 50 and over. It affects male and female in the ratio of 2:1. Approximately 25 million Indians suffer from peptic ulcer disease at some point in their life time. Each year there have been 5, 00,000 to 8, 50,000 new cases of peptic ulcer disease and more than one million ulcer related hospitalization.2. There are many risk factors associated with peptic ulcer. Age, inheritance, cigarette smoking, increased risk associated with low education, background, compromising lifestyle and diet habits are part of multifactorial etiology. No support was found for the assumption that peptic ulcer is a psychosomatic disorder.3
NEED OF THE STUDY:
Peptic ulcer is the primarily reported cause of death in approximately 6500 persons in the United States each year.
Peptic ulcer has unquestionably been a disease of the twentieth century. Rare before the end of the previous century, peptic ulcer became increasingly frequent, reaching a Peak during the next 50 years and afflicting as many as 10 per cent of men. There were two types of peptic ulcer: gastric ulcer, which appeared to be due to damage to the lining of the stomach, and duodenal ulcer, which was associated with excessive acid Secretion by the stomach. Such ulcers did not occur if there was atrophy of the gastric Mucosa, when no acid is secreted by the stomach. The etiology of peptic ulcer was fiercely debated. Not unnaturally, in those post-Freudian days, psychosomatic Influences were for long thought to be the cause of peptic ulcer, stress being the major Culprit. The complications of peptic ulcer were an important cause of death, severe hemorrhage being common and perforation, particularly of duodenal ulcers, being a frequent surgical emergency. Obstruction of the stomach by pyloric stenosis might also occur.4
Diseases of the stomach are common and cause significant morbidity, mortality. A study conducted on Factors affecting mortality and morbidity in patients with peptic ulcer perforation was done by Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Turkey in the year of 2010 April. The records of 269 patients who had been operated for perforated Peptic Ulcer had been reviewed retrospectively. The following factors had been analyzed in terms of morbidity and mortality: age > 65 years; gender associated medical illness; chronic ingestion of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, aspirin, corticosteroids or immune-suppressants; alcohol ingestion and smoking habits; American Society of Anesthesiologist status; season; delayed operation; site of ulcer perforation; and shock on admission and type of operation.
Peptic ulcer is known as a disease due to hurry, worry and curry. Smoking, consuming alcohol in large amounts, using drugs like NSAIDs for a long duration are some of the predisposing factors.5
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:
A study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme (stp) on knowledge regardingrisk factors and prevention of peptic ulceramong the middle age population inselected urban area atmehsana city.
OBJECTIVE:
· To assess the knowledge regarding risk factors and prevention of peptic ulcer among the middle age population in selected area at Mehsana city.
· To assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on risk factors and prevention of peptic ulcer among the middle age population in selected area at Mehsana city.
· To find out the association of the knowledge with their selected demographic variables.
HYPOTHISIS:
H0: There is a no significant relation between pre-test and post test knowledge of Risk factors and prevention of peptic ulcer.
H1: There is a significant relation between knowledge of Risk factors and Prevention of peptic ulcer with selected demographic variables.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:
A quantitative research approach using pre experimental one group pre test –post test design.100 people were selected using non probability convenience sampling in Mehsana city. Structure teaching programme was given to the people residing in Mehsana city. Self structure questionnaire will prepare and used to assess the knowledge regarding risk factor and prevention of peptic ulcer.
RESULTS:
Demographic data was analyzed using frequency and percentage. Frequencies, percentage, mean, median, mean percentage and standard deviation was used to determine the knowledge score. The ‘T’ value was computed to show the effectiveness of structure teaching programme and chi-square test was done to determine the association between the pretest knowledge of people with selected demographic variables.
FINDING RELATED TO DEMOGRAPHIC DATA:
Highest percentage in the demographic data this study including the age group 45-50 were 27%, gender male is 64%, religion Hindu is 64%, marital status married 89%, family type joint is 59%, education status primary is 44%, occupation other is 39%, monthly income 10001-15000 is 37%, sample has any bed habits in that no 67%, Bed habits yes in that 43% is smoking, samples chronic illness diabetes is 40%.
FINDING RELATED TO PRE AND POST KNOWLEDGE SCORE:
The table 1 showing that the pre-test, post–test knowledge score and percentage of sample. Pre-test data in that the poor knowledge is 81%, and adequate is 19%and good is 0%. Post-test data in that the poor knowledge is 3%, and adequate is 59%and good is 38%.
Table 1. Frequency and percentage distribution of pre test and post test knowledge
Level of Knowledge |
PRE TEST |
POST TEST |
||
Frequency |
Percentage |
Frequency |
Percentage |
|
Poor |
81 |
81% |
3 |
3% |
Adequate |
19 |
19% |
59 |
59% |
Good |
0 |
0% |
38 |
38% |
Figure1. Bar diagram representing percentage wise distribution of the sample according to pre -test and post- test level of knowledge.
FINDING RELATED TO EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURE TEACHING PROGRAMME:
The pre-test knowledge means score is 6.72 and standard deviation is 2.35. Post test knowledge score is 12.89 and standard deviation 3.78. The ‘T’ test calculated value is 34.4 and table ‘T’ test table value is 1.98 which is significant at 0.05 levels. Thus it rejects the null hypothesis and accepts the research hypothesis. The pre test and post test mean % is 26.88% and 51.56% and different is 24.68%. so knowledge is increase after intervention. This indicates that the structure teaching programme is effective in increasing the knowledge regarding risk factor and prevention of peptic ulcer.
Table 2. Mean, mean difference, standard deviation, and “T” test value of pre test and post test knowledge score
Knowledge Scale |
Mean |
Mean Different |
SD |
" T "test |
value |
Df |
Calculated " T "Value |
Table ”T" Value |
|||||
Pre Test |
6.72 |
6.17 |
2.35 |
34.4 |
1.98 |
99 |
Post Test |
12.89 |
3.78 |
Finding related to association between pretest knowledge score with selected demographic variables:
The association between the Pre test level of Knowledge and socio demographic Variable. Based on the Third objectives used to chi –square test to associate the level of knowledge on risk factor and prevention of peptic and selected demographic variable. The chi square value shows that their occupation is significant and other is not significant at the 0.05 level of significance.
CONCLUSION:
The conclusions drawn from the finding of the study are as follows:
The ’T’ test is done to find the effect of structure teaching programme. It revealed that there is highly significant gain of knowledge after the administration of intervention. The ’T’ value is 34.4 and research hypothesis is accepted and null hypothesis is rejected. The pre-test knowledge means score is 6.72 and standard deviation is 2.35. Post test knowledge score is 12.89 and standard deviation 3.78.so knowledge is increase after intervention. This indicates that the structure teaching programme is effective in increasing the knowledge regarding risk factor and prevention of peptic ulcer.
REFERENCES :
1. Smeltzer Suzanne C, Bare Brenda. Medical surgical nursing. 10th ed Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2004. p. 1015-1021
2. Singh DS, Gorkhaly MP, Mishra VN, Gambhir IS, Jain AK, Dixit VK. U gastrointestinal lesions in portal hypertension; an endoscopic observation. JAPI. 1996; 44(12): 887.
3. Johnsen R, Forde OH, Straume B, Burhol PG. An etiology of peptic ulcer. A prospective population study in Norway. Journal of Epidemiology Community Health 1995 Apr; 49(2): 224.
4. Sharon Manlik Lewis, Margret Mclean Heit Kemper, Durksen Ruff Shammon. Medical surgical nursing. USA: Mosby publication; 2000. p. 408-417.
5. Hazra B, Hazra J. Epidemiology of peptic ulcer in North India. Indian journal Public Health.1998; 42(4): 100-2.
Received on 01.06.2019 Modified on 22.06.2019
Accepted on 16.07.2019 ©A&V Publications All right reserved
Asian J. Nursing Education and Research. 2019; 9(3):370-372.
DOI: 10.5958/2349-2996.2019.00079.X