A Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge and Attitude regarding the Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Jan Aushadhi Pariyojana among the people Residing in selected Rural Community of Mehsana District Gujarat

 

Dr. Dayalal. D. Patidar¹, Ms. Jayshree Parmar²

¹Principal, HOD of Community Health Nursing Department, Joitiba College of Nursing, Bhandu, Dist: Mehsana

 

ABSTRACT:

INTRODUCTION: Increased health-care expenses remain a major concern worldwide, especially in underdeveloped and developing countries where majority of the people are unable To meet them and India is no exception. According to one of the estimates, 70% of Indian people spend their 10-20% of total income as health expenses and add up to their financial difficulties. The WHO survey performed in the year 2011 documented that 3.2% of Indians live below poverty line and lack of the health insurance further compounds to the above situation. “JAN AUSHADHI” is the novel project launched by Government of India in the year 2008 for the noble cause – Quality Medicines at Affordable Prices for All. The campaign was undertaken through sale of generic medicines through exclusive outlets namely “Pradhan Mantri Jan Aushadhi Kendra” in various districts of the country. The first “Pradhan Mantri Jan Aushadhi Kendra” was opened on 25thNov 2008 at Amritsar in Punjab. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitude regarding Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Jan Aushadhi Pariyojana among the rural people. DESIGN: A quantitative approach using Descriptive survey research design. PARTICIPANTS: 300 rural people were selected using Probability Simple random sampling technique in selected rural areas of Mehsana District. TOOL: Self Structured Questionnaire was used to assess the level of Knowledge regarding Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Jan Aushadhi Pariyojana and Likert scale (five point scale) to assess the attitude towards Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Jan Aushadhi Pariyojana among the rural people. RESULTS:  In  this study overall the highest percentage in the demographic data including the Age group 29.7% (29-39yr), Gender 51.3% (female), Marital status 71% (Married), Type of family 47.3%( joint family), Education qualification 30.3%(Secondary education),Occupation 40% (Unemployed),Monthly income 34% (above 15000) and previous knowledge 48%(yes). 26.33% of sample had poor knowledge score (0-6), 60.33% of them had average knowledge score (7-13) and 13.33% of them had good knowledge score (14-20) regarding Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Jan Aushadhi pariyojana.22% of rural people have negative attitude while 78% have positive attitude towards Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Jan Aushadhi pariyojana. The correlation coefficient was done to assess relation between knowledge and attitude. The result was 0.59. It shows there was moderate relation between knowledge and attitude regarding Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Jan Aushadhi pariyojana Chi-square test used to associate the level of knowledge and attitude with selected demographic variable at 0.05 level of significant. CONCLUSION: The findings of the study revealed that sample have average knowledge about Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Jan Aushadhi pariyojana. The findings of the study indicate there was moderate relation between knowledge and attitude regarding Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Jan Aushadhi pariyojana.

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

It is health that is real wealth not and not piece of gold and silver.”

                                                            - Mahatma Gandhi

 

“Jan Aushadhi” is the novel project launched by Government of India in the year 2008 for the noble cause – Quality Medicines at Affordable Prices for All. The campaign was undertaken through sale of generic medicines through exclusive outlets namely “Pradhan Mantri Janaushadhi Kendra” in various districts of the country. The first “Pradhan Mantri Janaushadhi Kendra” was opened on 25^th Nov 2008 at Amritsar in Punjab¹.

 

Initially, it was proposed that the PMBJP campaign be implemented during 11^th Five Year Plan period starting from 2008-09, with the target at least one Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Kendras in each of the 630 districts of the country to be extended to sub-divisional levels as well as major towns and village centers by 2012. It was envisaged that the scheme would run on a self-sustaining business model and not be dependent on government subsidies or assistance beyond the initial support. It was to be run on the principle of “No Profit, No loss²

 

In September 2015, the “Jan Aushadhi Scheme” was revamped as “Pradhan Mantri Jan Aushadhi Yojana” (PMJY). In November, 2016, to give further impetus to the scheme, it was again renamed as “Pradhan Mantri Bharatiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana” (PMBJP) ³.

 

Increased health-care expenses remain a major concern worldwide, especially in underdeveloped and developing countries where majority of the people are unable to meet them and India is no exception. According to one of the estimates, 70% of Indian people spend their 10-20% of total income as health expenses and add up to their financial difficulties. The WHO survey performed in the year 2011 documented that 3.2% of Indians live below poverty line and lack of the health insurance further compounds to the above situation.⁴

 

NEED OF THE STUDY:

Over the years, India has developed strong capability in manufacturing generic medicines in almost every therapeutic category. The Pharmaceutical industry has evolved from merely Rs.1500crores in 1980 to more than Rs. 1, 19,000 crore by 2012. Medicines in almost every therapeutic category are sold primarily as branded drugs, at disproportionately very high prices. There is still a large section of the population which finds it difficult to afford these high-priced medicine⁵.

 

According to NSO estimates, up to 79% of health care expenses in rural areas are due to the cost of medicines. This problem gets aggravated further as almost 80% of expenditure on health care is out-of pocket to the patients. Thus, access to low-priced generic drugs is very critical in ensuring health care at affordable prices.⁶

 

This problem gets further aggravated as almost 80% of expenditure on health care is borne by the patients themselves. Thus, access to low-priced generic drugs is very critical in ensuring health care at affordable prices. There is still a large section of the population which finds it difficult to afford these high-priced medicines⁷.

 

According to World Health Organization estimates (2008), 65% of India’s population does not have access to modern health care. Since 80% of out-patient care and 60% of in hospital care occurs at private facilities in India, households are exposed to a private-sector market to buy drugs (Public Health Foundation of India, 2012)⁸.

 

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

“A descriptive study to assess the knowledge and attitude regarding the pradhan mantri bhartiya jan aushadhi pariyojana among the people residing in selected rural community of mehsana district gujarat”

 

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

·       To assess the knowledge regarding Pradhan Mantri Bahartiya Jan Aushadhi Pariyojana among the rural people.

·       To assess the attitude of the rural people towards Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Jan Aushadhi Pariyojana.

·       To find out the correlation between knowledge and attitude of the rural people regarding Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Jan Aushadhi Pariyojana.

·       To find out the association of the knowledge with their selected demographic variables.

·       To find out the association of the attitude with their selected demographic variables.

 

ASSUMPTIONS:

·       The rural people may have some knowledge regarding Pradhan Mantri Bharatiya Jan Aushadhi pariyojana.

·       The rural people may have positive attitude towards Pradhan Mantri Bharatiya Jan Aushadhi Pariyojana.

 

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

Quantitative non experimental descriptive survey research design was used by using simple random sampling technique. This study was also done on 300 samples; data was collected by self structured knowledge questionnaire and attitude scale to assess the knowledge and attitude regarding Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Jan Aushadhi Pariyojana.

 

RESULTS:

Demographic data was analyzed using frequency and percentage. Frequencies, percentage, mean, mean percentage and standard deviation was used to determine the knowledge score. The correlation coefficient was done to assess relation between knowledge and attitude. Chi-square test was done to determine the association of the knowledge of rural people with selected demographic variables and association of the attitude of rural people with selected demographic variables.

 

FINDING RELATED TO DEMOGRAPHIC DATA:

In  this study overall the highest percentage in the demographic data including the Age group 29.7% (29-39yr), Gender 51.3% (female), Marital status 71% (Married), Type of family 47.3%( joint family), Education qualification 30.3%(Secondary education),Occupation 40% (Unemployed),Monthly income 34% (above 15000) and previous knowledge 48%(yes). 26.33% of sample had poor knowledge score (0-6), 60.33% of them had average knowledge score(7-13) and 13.33% of them had good knowledge score(14-20) regarding Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Jan Aushadhi pariyojana.22% of rural people have negative attitude while 78% have positive attitude towards Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Jan Aushadhi pariyojana.

 

Percentage, mean percentages, SD of knowledge and attitude regarding Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Jan Aushadhi Pariyojana.

 

TEST	MEAN	MEAN PERCENTAGE	SD
Knowledge	9.5	47.61%	3.69
Attitude	46.48	387.36%	5.37

 

CONCLUSION:

The present study aims is to assess the level of knowledge and attitude regarding Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Jan Aushadhi Pariyojana among rural people. The study was conducted by using quantitative non experimental descriptive survey research design. The sample size was 300 rural people. Probability simple random sampling technique was used.  

 

REFERENCE:

1.      Department of pharmaceuticals of ministry of chemicals and fertilizers government of India Sastri Bhawan New Delhi 11001,website pharmaceutical.govt.in

2.      Department of pharmaceuticals of ministry of chemicals and fertilizers government of India Sastri Bhawan New Delhi 11001, website pharmaceutical.govt.in

3.      Reference note ,members' reference service  larrdis  lok sabha secretariat, new delhi no.45/rn/ref./nov/2017

4.      Gupta SK, Nayak RP, Vidyarthi SK. A study on the knowledge, attitude, and practice of generic medicines among the doctors in a tertiary care teaching hospital in South India. Natl J Phys Pharm Pharm. 2015;16(1):39-44.

5.      Reference note ,members' reference service  larrdis  lok sabha secretariat, new delhi no.45/rn/ref./nov/2017

6.      Therapeutic group wise, list of products for  Pradhan mantra bharatiya janaushadhi pariyojana Department of pharmaceuticals of ministry of chemicals and fertilizers government of India Sastri Bhawan New Delhi 11001 ,website pharmaceutical.govt.in

7.      Reference note ,members' reference service  larrdis  lok sabha secretariat, new delhi,no.45/rn/ref./nov/2017

8.      https://kannadadalli.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/new_businessplan.pdf Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers, New Delhi 4/26/2013 page no.5

 

 

 

 

Received on 30.07.2019         Modified on 14.08.2019

Accepted on 30.08.2019      ©A&V Publications All right reserved