A Descriptive Study of the Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus among Peoples residing in Valam Village, Mehsana, Gujarat

Rajesh Joshi

Principal, Ratna Prabha Nursing Institute, Mithi Maa Campus, Shekhpur (Vad) Road Vadnagar,

Tal- Vadnagar, Dist- Mehsana (Gujarat)

*Corresponding Author Email: joshirajesh88@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:

Background- India, a country experiencing rapid socio economical progress and urbanization, carries a considerable share of the global diabetes burden. Studies in different parts of India have demonstrated as escalating prevalence of diabetes not only in urban populations, but also in rural populations as a result of the urbanization of lifestyle parameters.¹ Aims and Objectives- To determine the prevalence rates of diabetes mellitus in Valam Village. Material and Methods- In Oct 2014, one community-based diabetes camp was set up in Valam Village, Dist: Mehsana, Gujarat State. All individuals, irrespective of age and sex who visited the camp were requested to participate in the study. Those who agreed were screened for diabetes and those found to have the disease were referred. Verbal informed consent was obtained from all participants at the examination site. Result- A total 206 subjects were screened for Diabetes Mellitus. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was higher among age group 56-75 years (44.17%). It was more prevalent among Male (72.33%) than female. Prevalent rate were lower among People who Illiterate, which was 6.79%. In area of occupation, diabetes mellitus were more prevalent among farmers (41.26%). 104 (50.48%) subjects were having BSL above 110 mg/dl which shows Increased Blood Sugar Level. Conclusion- It was concluded from the findings of the camp study that diabetes mellitus were prevalent among people of Valam village, Mehsana.

KEYWORDS: Prevalence, Community based Survey, Diabetes Mellitus.

INTRODUCTION:

Diabetes is most chronic and severe health problems of India. The rising prevalence of diabetes in developing countries is closely associated with industrialization and socio economic development. The number of diabetic person in the countries of the region is likely to triple by the year 2025. The population of India has an increased susceptible to diabetes mellitus.²

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by a state of chronic hyperglycemia, resulting from a diversity of etiological environmental and genetic acting jointly. The cause of diabetes mellitus is obesity, overweight, drinking of soda & alcohol, hereditary, low testosterone level. The high blood sugar produces the classical symptoms of polyuria, polydipsia and polyphagia.³

Although diabetes may occur at any age. The screening of diabetes is achieved by urine examination and testing of blood sugar level. To reduce the disease burden that diabetes creates in India, appropriate government interventions and combined efforts from all the stakeholders of the society are required. Clinicians may be targeted to facilitate the implementation of screening and early detection programmes, diabetes prevention, self-management counselling, and therapeutic management of diabetes in accordance with the appropriate local guidelines form the backbone of controlling the predicted diabetes epidemic.⁴ Hence, the need was found by researcher to find out prevalent rate of diabetes mellitus among people of selected area by conduction free check-up camp of diabetes for early detection and treatment.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

A Descriptive study on the prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus among the peoples residing in Valam Village, Mehsana, Gujarat.

OBJECTIVES:

1. To estimate the prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus among the peoples.

2. To find out the association between prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus among the peoples with their selected demographic variables.

MATERIAL AND METHOD:

Research Approach:

A quantitative research approach was selected to collect the data from the people to study the prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus.

Research design:

A descriptive research design was used.

Research setting:

Valam village.

Population:

The population for the present study was all the people of Valam village.

Sample:

The sample consisted of 206 people of Valam village Mehsana district Gujarat.

During October, 2014, we set up one community-based free diabetes camp in Valam village, Dist: Mehsana, Gujarat State, India. The purpose to select the Valam is as village has approximately 10,000 populations and located in centrally. Nearby Valam village 12 villages are located which were covered in the study. The prevalence of DM are more in these areas by information got from primary health center and students survey during the time of their community posting.

Based on above information we have selected place for organize the camp in valam and we covered 12 villages which were located near to Valam village which are following Motidau, Nanidau, Bhandu, Jetalvasana, Satusna, Vadu, kansa, Eyasan, Para etc.

All individuals, irrespective of age and sex, who visited the eye camps were requested to participate in the study. All (n=206) were screened for diabetes and those found to have the disease were referred to an hospital. Verbal informed consent was obtained from all participants. Prior of one day of camp all activity were distributed. We have distributed 5 different group among us.

Group I- Responsibility of these group to calling the peoples from the village.

Group II- Responsibility of these group to be remain at registration counter and do registration. Group III- Responsibility of these group to check height and weight.

Group IV- Responsibility of these group to be remain in three DM detection counter for measuring blood glucose level.

Group V- Responsibility of these group to work as a consultant and clarify the doubts.

RESULT:

We screened a total 206 subjects in camp. Majority of subjects (44.17%) were 56-75 years of age, were Male (72.33%), were studied secondary (29.61%), were farmer (41.26%), were not checked before for diabetes (50.97%). From them, 5 division were made on the basis of Basic Sugar Level (BSL) that is, <70 mg/dl, 71-110 mg/dl, 111-150 mg/dl, 150-190 mg/dl, >190 mg/dl. From which, 1(0.48%) subject were having BSL <70 mg/dl, 101(49.02%) subjects were having BSL between 71-110 mg/dl, 48(23.3%) subjects were having BSL between 111-150 mg/dl, 21(10.19%) subjects were having BSL between 151-190 mg/dl and 35(16.99%) subjects were having BSL > 190 mg/dl. Hence, 104 (50.48%) subjects were having BSL above 110 mg/dl which shows Increased Blood Sugar Level.

DISCUSSION:

Diabetes most leading health problem of India. Detection of diabetes in their early stage it’s very important to carry out the test frequently. There is need to organized similar kind of free camp to fight against certain chronic diseases and village peoples are also taking advantages of camp as it was. The response was very good. Many people have given good feedback regarding camp. Because of the small sample size and non representative nature of the sample, the observed prevalence cannot be generalizable to the general population.

CONCLUSION:

This suggests the need for adequate prevention, detection and treatment in patients with diabetes mellitus. More systematic and population-based research is needed to estimate the prevalence of and identify risk factors for diabetic.

REFERENCE:

1. Ambady Ramachandran, Snehalatha Chamukuttan, Current scenario of diabetes in India, Journal of Diabetes, March 2009 1(1), P. 18-28

2. Jamal-u- Din, J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad, March 2006;18(3) P. 40

3. Seema Kaveeshwar, The current state of diabetes mellitus in India, Australas Medical Journal, 2014; 7(1): P. 45–48

4. C Quinn, C. and Clough, S. (2008). Mobile Diabetes Management Randomized Controlled Trial: Change in Clinical and Behavioral Outcomes and Patient and Physician Satisfaction. Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics, 2, p.102.

Received on 19.11.2019 Modified on 08.12.2019

Asian J. Nursing Education and Research. 2020; 10(1):23-24.

DOI: 10.5958/2349-2996.2020.00005.1