A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge regarding Life Style Modification of Diabetic Mellitus among Rural Population in selected areas at Rajkot

Mrs. Ranijeyasudha M., Mrs Archana, Mr. Jeenath Justin Doss. K.

Shri Anand Institute of Nursing, Opp. Ghanteshwar Park, B/h Sainik Society, Jamnagar Road, Rajkot-360006

*Corresponding Author Email: ranijeyasudham@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:

The study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding life style modification of diabetic mellitus among rural population in selected areas at Rajkot. The objectives of the study were (a) To assess the existing level of knowledge on Diabetes (b) To evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding life style modification of diabetic mellitus among rural population in selected areas at Rajkot. (c) To find out the association between knowledge and life style modification in selected demographic variables. (d) To find out the correlation between knowledge and life style modification. The study was conducted in selected areas at Rajkot, Gujarat. Total samples were 40. Non probability convenient sampling techniques were used. The structured questioners were used an instrument to measure the level of knowledge and life style modification on diabetic mellitus among rural population in selected areas at Rajkot district. The obtained data were analyzed using inferential statistical method paired ‘t’ test. The mean score before and after planned teaching programme on diabetes and life style in terms of knowledge was 7.12 and 14.18, the mean difference was 7.06 and the standard deviation for pre and post-test was 3.763 and 4.997, obtained t value is 7.127*** with degrees of freedom 39 at 0.00001 level of significance, it was concluded that the structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding life style modification of diabetic mellitus was effective among rural population in selected areas at Rajkot.

KEYWORDS: Assess, Effectiveness, LSMDM, Structured teaching programme, Knowledge and life style modification.

INTRODUCTION:

The cognizance of diabetes mellitus to the mankind is as old as their own history of civilization. Description about diabetes is mentioned in Greek, Egyptian, Arabic, and Chinese and even in Indian medicine. Mellitus is a Latin word. It is due to presence of sweet taste in the urine to distinguish the other polyuric condition in which glycosuric condition is absent.¹

India has the largest number of diabetic individual in the world and is being called “diabetes capital” of the world. Since last 25 years it has acquired pandemic form particularly in the urban areas. There were approximately 31.7 million individuals in India in 2000 and it is expected to touch 79.4 million in 2030. The increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus is probably a price we are paying for the progress, urbanization, fast paced life, rapid globalization and industrialization.²

Diabetic patients, if undiagnosed or inadequately treated, develop multiple chronic complications leading to irreversible disability and death. Coronary heart diseases and stroke are more common in diabetics than in general population. Micro vascular complications like diabetic renal disease and diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy are serious health problems resulting in deterioration of the quality of life and premature death.³

Diabetes is a major public health problem that is approaching Epidemic proportion globally. There is an urgent need for strategies to curb the rising prevalence of this disease and prevention appears a logic approach. Life style modification can reduce the incidence of diabetes by 50% in diabetes.

NEED FOR THE STUDY:

The prevalence of diabetes for all age group worldwide was estimated to be 2.8% in 2000 and 4.4% in 2030. The total number of people with diabetes is projected to rise from 171 million in 2000 to 366 million in 2030. The prevalence of diabetes is higher in men. The most important demographic change to diabetes prevalence across the world appears to be increase in the proportion of people of >65 years of age.⁴

It is estimated that up to half a billion people worldwide are at risk of developing diabetes, thus reaching these individuals with appropriate education is a challenge.

The WHO has projected that global prevalence of diabetes will be more than double from 135 million in 1995 to 300 million by the year 2025, the greatest increase will be in India from 19.4 million to 57.2 million, while in china from 16 million to 37.6 million and in USA from 13.9 to 21.9 million, unless effective measures are implemented to curb this disease enormous disease. Currently India has got the largest number of diabetes and is being called as diabetic capital of world.⁵

OBJECTIVES:

1. To assess the level of knowledge on lifestyle modification of diabetes mellitus among rural population.

2. To assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding life style modification among rural population.

3. To find out the association between post-test level of knowledge regarding lifestyle modification with their selected demographic variables.

HYPOTHESES:

H1: The mean post test score higher than mean pre-test score.

H2: There will be a significant association between pre-test levels of knowledge with these selected demographic variables.

MATERIAL AND METHODOLOGY:

Research approach:

Quantitative research approach

Research design:

The research design selected for this study is Pre- experimental, one group pre-test post-test design.

Setting of the study:

The study was under taken in selected rural areas at Rajkot.

The population selected from this setting was type2 diabetes mellitus among rural population.

Population:

The population were diabetes mellitus among rural population at Rajkot.

Sample:

It includestype2 diabetes mellitus peoples.

Sample size:

The sample size of the study was 40diabetes mellitus peoples.

Sampling technique:

The research study was conducted by non-probability convenient sampling technique.

Data analysis plan:

The collected data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics.

FINDINGS:

Major study findings include

Findings related to demographic variables of the study:

1. Out of 40 sample, 5(12.5%) were belonging to the age group 30-40 years, 7(17.5%) were belonging to the age group 41-45 years, 15(37.5%) were belonging to the age group 46-50 years, 13(32.5%) were belonging to the age group above 50 years.

2. Regarding religion 27(67.5%) were in Hindu, 8(20%) were in Muslim, 2(5%) were in Christian, 3(7.5%) were in other religion.

3. Regarding education 24(60%) were in illustrate, 8(20%) were in primary and secondary, 6 (15%) were in higher secondary, 2(5%) were in graduation and above.

4. Regarding occupation 8(20%) were in self-employed, 23(57.5%) were in house wife, 7 (17.5%) were in employed, 2(5%) were in other job.

5. Regarding type of family 15(37.5%) were in nuclear family, 18(45%) were in joint family, 7(17.5%) were in single.

6. The majority 25(62.5%) were in female and 15(37.5%) were in male.

7. Regarding information related to lifestyle, 12(30%) were known about the information on lifestyle, 28(70%) were not known about the information on LSMDM.

8. Regarding source of medical care 25(62.5%) were in health care personnel, 8(20%) were in friends and relatives, 6(20%) were in mass media, 1(2.5%) were in any other source.

Finding according to effectiveness of planned teaching programme:

The planned teaching programme on diabetes and life style in terms of knowledge, the pre and post-test mean are7.12 and 14.18, the mean difference is 7.06 and the standard deviation for pre and post-test are 3.763 and 4.997, obtained t value is 19.5*** with degrees of freedom 39 at 0.0000 level of significance.

Findings related to association between demographic variables and post test:

With regard to association between the levels of knowledge with their selected demographic variables the Chi-square value is significant and thus the stated hypothesis H2 is not accepted which shows there is a significant association between the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on life style modification for the diabetic mellitus.

CONCLUSION:

The present study conducted that diabetic people had inadequate knowledge and life style modification in pre-test. After giving effective structured teaching programme majority of the diabetic people had adequate knowledge on diabetes and life style modification. This understood that proper structured teaching programme regarding life style modification among diabetic people surely improve their knowledge and balance their blood glucose level.

REFERENCE:

1. Park K. Parks Text Book of Preventive and Social medicine, 21thed M/s Banarasidas Bhanot publishers Jabalpur 2011 Feb; 362-6.

2. Diabetic facts available from URL http: //www. World diabetes foundation. org / composite-35. htm

3. National Diabetes and women’s health. Available from URL; http; //www. al pha.org /programmes/diabetes women health.htp

4. Abdellah, F.G. Eugene and Levine, Better patient care through Nursing Research, New Yark; Haemilkan 1979.

5. India to spend $32bn on diabetes care in '10: Study. TNN Aug 10, 2010, 04.33 am IST. Available from URL http: // articles. Times of India. India times. Com / 2010 -08-10/india/28311470_1_diabetes-treatment-financial-burden.

Received on 02.11.2019 Modified on 30.11.2019

Asian J. Nursing Education and Research. 2020; 10(1):28-30.

DOI: 10.5958/2349-2996.2020.00007.5