INTRODUCTION:
Junk food is not a healthy food by readily available to eat and quick to prepare. Junk foods are in the form of food and drinks contain low nutrients (e. g) vitamins, minerals and fiber. The practice of high consumption of junk foods like maggi noodles, burgers, pao-phaji, sandwiches, hot dogs, patties, pastries, samosa, pop-corn, potato chips, carbonated drinks, chocolates etc. It is high in saturated fat, kilojoules, added sugar and salt. If junk food taken in a regular basis can lead to an increased risk of obesity and chronic diseases like Cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver, disease and some cancers.
Nutrient deficiency in the diets of school children can leads to permanent modification of metabolic pathways and increased risk of diet dependent diseases in adults. Children are more prone to the adverse consequences of bad eating habits and an imbalanced diet can lead to delayed physical, cognitive and emotional development. Excessive supply of saturated fats and simple sugars combined with a deficiency of vitamins, minerals and protein contributes to weight gain and glucose metabolism disorders. Numerous studies indicate that, obesity in preschool children poses serious health risks and increases the prevalence of obese adolescents.
The increase in junk food intake in India has an increase in the percentage of overweight and obese school children in India, from 9.7 to 13.9% in between 2001 to 2010.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:
A study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding hazards of junk food among adolescents at selected school, Sonipat, Haryana.
OBJECTIVES:
1. To assess the pretest and posttest knowledge regarding hazards of junk food among 10th standard students
2. To assess the effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme regarding hazards of junk food among 10th standard students
3. To find out the association between the level of knowledge and selected demographic variables regarding hazards of junk food.
HYPOTHESIS:
H1- The mean pretest knowledge score of adolescents will be higher than mean pretest knowledge score
H2- There will be significant association between pretest knowledge score with selected demographic variables.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:
Research Approach:
Quantitative research approach was used in this study.
Research Design:
The design selected for the study is Pre experimental: One group pretest posttest only.
One group pretest Intervention Post
test
Setting of the study:
The study was conducted in Happy Child Senior Higher Secondary School, Sonipat, Haryana. The selection of the setting was done on the basis of feasibility of conducting the study with regard to time, geographical distance, permission from authorities and availability of the sample.
Population:
In this study target population is 10th Standard School Students.
Sample Size and Sampling Technique:
Non probability convenient sampling technique was used and 30 subjects were included.
Variables:
In this study the independent variable is Structured Teaching Programme on hazards of junk food and the dependent variable is knowledge of School Students
Inclusion Criteria:
· School students who enrolled in 10th standard are included in the study.
· Those who are available at the time of data collection
Exclusion Criteria:
· Those who are not willing to participate in the study
Description of the tool:
The tool consists of 2 sections.
Section- A: It consists of Demographic data- Age, gender, education, family income, previous knowledge
Section- B: It consists of structured knowledge questionnaire which includes 20 multiple choice questions to assess the knowledge regarding hazards of junk food among adolescents.
Data Collection Procedure:
After obtaining consent from the participants, the data was collected by a self-administering knowledge questionnaire. On the same day planned teaching was given for 35-40 minutes. After 1 week the posttest was done by using same tool.
Fig. 1: The Pretest and posttest knowledge score of Adolescents
Fig. 1 implicit the pretest findings showed that among 30 adolescence 3.30% (0-6) were inadequate knowledge, 66.60% (7-13) were moderate knowledge and 30% (14-20) were adequate knowledge. The posttest findings showed that among 30 adolescents 0% (0-6) were inadequate knowledge, 36.60% (7-13) were moderate knowledge and 63.30% (14-20) were adequate knowledge.
Table: 1Effectiveness of structured teaching programme regarding hazards of junk food among Adolescents n=30
|
Paired T test |
Mean & S. D |
Mean% |
Range |
Mean diff. |
Paired T Test |
P value |
|
Pretest Knowledge |
11.46±2.61 |
76.4 |
5-15 |
2.77 |
3.779 |
0.0004 |
|
Posttest Knowledge |
14.23±3.05 |
74.89 |
7-19 |
Table 2: The association between pretest knowledge scores with selected demographic variables. n=30
|
Variables |
Options |
Adequate |
Inadequate |
Chi -test |
P value |
Remarks |
|
Gender |
Male |
9 |
17 |
2.308 |
0.3154 |
Non-Significant |
|
Female |
0 |
4 |
||||
|
Family income |
Rs.10-20,000 |
1 |
9 |
5.023 |
0.5409 |
Non-Significant |
|
Rs.21-30,000 |
3 |
5 |
||||
|
Rs.31-50,000 |
4 |
5 |
||||
|
>Rs.50,000 |
1 |
1 |