A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Knowledge regarding Prevention of Coronary Artery Disease among Diabetic Patients in selected Hospital at Rajkot
Ms. Payal Vaghela, Mr. Suneesh P.M., Mr. Jeenath Justin Doss. K.
Shri Anand Institute of Nursing, Opp.Ghanteswar Oark, B/h Sainik Society, Jamnagar Road, Rajkot 360006.
*Corresponding Author Email: vaghelapayal449@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
A pre-experimental study to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding prevention of coronary artery disease among diabetic patients in selected hospital at Rajkot. The objectives of the study were (a) to assess the knowledge regarding prevention of Coronary artery disease among diabetes patients. (b)To evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding prevention of Coronary artery disease among diabetic patients.(c)To find out the association between post- test knowledge score and their selected demographic variables.1 The research approach selected for the study was quantitative research approach and pre experimental research-one group pre-test post-test design. The study was conducted at selected hospital at Rajkot. Total 40 samples were selected from admitted hospital settings based on non-probability purposive sampling. The research used structured interview schedule and structured questionnaire for data collection regarding demographic variables and pre-test. As a part of intervention structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding prevention of coronary artery disease among diabetic patients in selected hospital. The post test score was measured with the same questionnaires after 7days. The collected data were analyzed by using inferential method. t-test was used to evaluate the effectiveness of PTP on the level of knowledge regarding prevention of coronary artery disease among diabetic patients. It revealed that the mean score of pre test was 7.4 and post test was 22.1 The mean difference was 14.7 The obtained t value 35.1 Hence it was highly significant p<0.05 level. Hence their findings of the study revealed that the planned teaching programme was effective in improving knowledge regarding prevention of coronary artery disease among diabetic patients in selected hospital.
KEYWORDS: Assess, effectiveness, PTP, knowledge, prevention, coronary artery disease, diabetic patients.
INTRODUCTION:
Diabetes has long been recognized to be an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease. Prospective studies, such as the Framingham, Honolulu, and san antanio heart studies, as well as numerous more recent population studies in United States and other countries, have documented the excess coronary artery disease risk in patients with diabetes from multiple racial and ethnic groups.2 The adverse influence of diabetes extends to all components of the cardiovascular system, the micro vasculature, the larger arteries, and the heart, as well as the kidneys. Because of the increase in prevalence of diabetes in our society, it now rivals cigarette smoking, hypertension, and cholesterol disorders as major risk factor for coronary artery disease. It is a particularly strong risk factor among women and among growing orderly population.3
In recent years, the national institute of health, through programmers of the national heart, lung and blood institute and the national institute of diabetes and digestive and kidney disease, as substantially increased research on cardiovascular complications of diabetes. They have also noted the special risk of coronary artery disease among diabetic patients in guidelines and educational programmes.4
NEED FOR THE STUDY:
The global diabetes prevalence in 2019, Around 9.3% of the global adult population suffered from diabetes in 2019- by the year 2045 this number is expected to rise to almost 11 percent diabetes, or diabetes mellitus, refer to a group of metabolic disorders that result in chronic high blood sugar levels.5
The report includes information on prevalence and incidence of diabetes, total 34.2 million people have diabetes and there are diagnosed 26.9 million people, including 26.8 million adults. Undiagnosed 7.3 million people (21.4 % are undiagnosed).
The prevalence of diabetes was 10.3% in urban areas, 5.1% in rural areas and 7.1% across the state. Dr Banshi Saboo, a diabetologist in Ahmadabad, who was also one of the principal investigators of the study for Gujarat, said it is very important to concentrate on the prediabetes population.
Cardiovascular complications are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in the diabetic patients. Irrespective of the ethnic background, the risk of coronary artery disease among diabetic patients is greater by a factor of 2-4 compared to non-diabetic patients. Type 2 diabetes has a significant adverse effect on the anatomy of coronary arteries, causing more multi vessel and extensive coronary artery disease than in non-diabetic patients.6
OBJECTIVES:
1. To assess the knowledge regarding prevention of Coronary artery disease among diabetes patients.
2. To evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding prevention of Coronary artery disease among diabetic patients.
3. To find out the association between post- test knowledge score and their selected demographic variables.
HYPOTHESIS:
H1: There will be significant difference between the pre-test and post-test knowledge regarding coronary artery disease among patients with diabetes mellitus in selected hospital at Rajkot.
H2: There will be a significant association between post-test level of knowledge regarding prevention of coronary artery disease and their selected demographic variables.
MATERIAL AND METHODOLOGY:
RESEARCH APPROACH:
Quantitative research approach
REARCH DESIGN:
Pre- experimental, one group pre-test post-test design.
VARIABLES:
Independent variable: Planned teaching programme on prevention of coronary artery disease.
Dependent variable: Knowledge regarding prevention of coronary artery disease.
SETTING:
The study was conducted in selected Hospitals at Rajkot.
POPULATION:
Accessible population: patients admitted with diabetes mellitus in selected hospitals at Rajkot
Target population: patient admitted in selected hospital at Rajkot.
SAMPLE:
Sample size: The sample size of the study was 40 admitted with diabetes with coronary artery disease.
SAMPLING TECHNIQUE:
The research study was conducted by non-probability purposive sampling technique.
DATA ANALYSIS PLAN:
The collected data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics.
RESULTS:
Major study findings include:
A. Findings related to demographic variables of the study
1. The majority of 22(55%) samples age in year between 35-45 years.
2. The majority of 23(57.5%) samples are female.
3. The majority of 16(40%) samples educational status between 10th& 12th.
4. The majority of 19(47.5%) samples are having moderate worker in occupational status.
5. The majority of 19(47.5%) samples are having no smoking.
6. The majority of 20(50%) samples are having stopped chewing tobacco.
7. The majority of 19(47.5%) samples are having stopped alcohol consumption.
8. The majority of 15(37.5%) samples are having takes only egg dietary pattern.
9. The majority of 16(40%) samples are having diabetic patients.
With regard to effectiveness of PTP on knowledge regarding prevention of coronary artery disease among diabetic patients, the obtained t value for the level of knowledge was 35.1 that was highly significant at p<0.001 level.
The demographic variables assess the report of the table Explain that the demographic variables such as age in year, gender, education status, occupational status, smoking, chewing tobacco, alcohol consumption, dietary pattern, other associated disease use any diabetes agent has obtained χ2 value was higher than the level of tabulated value at the level of 0.05. This hypothesis null hypothesis accepted. So it is inferred that there is significant association between demographic variables and knowledge regarding prevention of coronary artery disease among diabetic patients.
CONCLUSION:
The main conclusion from this present study is that most of the diabetes patient in selected hospitals had inadequate and moderate level of knowledge in pre-test and they improved to moderate and adequate level of knowledge in post-test. This shows that need to understand the purpose of the PTP regarding improving the knowledge about prevention of coronary artery disease in improving patients care and safety of critically ill patients among patients and improve the knowledge about prevention of coronary artery disease.
REFERENCE:
1. Edward D. Janus, MD; Alfredo Postiglion, MD; Ram B. Singh, MD;BarryLewis, MD; The Modernization of Asia: Implications for Coronary Heart Disease. Circulation (internet) 1996; 94:2671-2673. Available from:http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/94/11/2671.full.
2. H.M.M Herath, N.P. Weerasinghe, and T.P. Weerarathna study was quality of life in people with diabetes: a systemic review for coronary artery disease. Available on: http://jdmdonline.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/2251-6581=12-54
3. Souravghosh et al are study foe knowledge, attitude and practice related to diabetes mellitus among coronary artery disease. Available on: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5455097/
4. American Heart Association Science Advisory and Coordinating Committee, Diabetes mellitus: major risk factor for coronary artery disease.
5. Maguy Chiha, Mario Njeim, Edger G. Chedrawy. Diabetes and Coronary Heart Disease: A Risk factor for Global Epidemic. International Journal of Hypertension, 2012.
6. Global report on diabetes. World Health Organization,2016. (internat available from): http://apps.who,int/iris/bistream/10665/204871/1/9789241565257_eng.pdf
Received on 07.11.2020 Modified on 27.11.2020
Accepted on 14.12.2020 İA&V Publications All right reserved
Asian J. Nursing Education and Research. 2021; 11(1):45-47.
DOI: 10.5958/2349-2996.2021.00011.2