Roopa. B.M, Swapna Mary A, Chaitra BC, Laishram Dabashini Devi, Chandrashekar H
Global College of Nursing, Bangalore.
*Corresponding Author Email: roshini999.bk@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
Platelets are parts of the blood that help the blood clot. They are smaller than red or white blood cells. The study intend to assess the existing knowledge regarding platelet transfusion among 3rd year Basic Bsc nursing students. An evaluative approach with one group pre-test post-test design was used for the study. Convenient sampling technique was used to draw 50 nursing students as the sample. Data was collected by administering a structured knowledge questionnaire on platelets transfusion. After collecting the data, computer assisted teaching programme was administered to the subjects on the same day and on 7th day; post-test was conducted using the same questionnaire. The results showed that the mean post-test knowledge score (78.8%) was higher than the mean pre-test knowledge score (38.2%). The calculated ‘t’ value (20.80*) was higher than the table value (t49=1.96). This shows that the computer assisted teaching programme was effective improving the knowledge of nursing students on platelets transfusion. There was significant association between the knowledge score and the selected demographic variable in pre-test for the variables Gender (6.81*), Age group (years) (6.81*), Place of Residence (4.63*) and Previous knowledge on Nurses responsibility (5.35*) and in post-test variables Religion (6.45*), Place of Residence (7.03*), Previous knowledge on Nurses responsibility (6.40*) and Assisted Platelets transfusion (6.45*) were more than the table value at 0.05 level of significance.
KEYWORDS: Effectiveness, Computer assisted teaching programme, Knowledge, Platelets transfusion.
INTRODUCTION:
Blood is described as a connective tissue. It provides one of the means of communication between the cells of different parts of the body and it is composed of a fluid part called plasma and a cellular mass called Corpuscels. The cell mass is also called as formed elements. There are three types of blood cell that includes erythrocytes, platelets, leukocytes.1 Platelets, or thrombocytes from a Greek word "clot" and "cell", are small, irregularly shaped clear cell fragments i.e. cells that do not have containing DNA, 2–3µm in diameter which are derived from fragmentation of precursor which are found in the spongy center of long bones or bone marrow.2
Blood transfusion refers to the process of collecting, testing, preparing and storing blood and blood components, donors are most commonly unpaid volunteers. But they may also be paid by commercial enterprises. Blood registry refers to the collection and sharing of the data about donated blood.3 For transfusion, the whole blood or the blood components like packed red blood cells, washed packed red blood cells, leukocyte–poor red blood cells, platelets, fresh frozen plasma, factor VIII and cytomegalovirus negative blood can be used according to the underlying medical or surgical condition.3
A Study To Assess The Effectiveness Of Computer Assisted Teaching Programme On Knowledge Regarding Platelets Transfusion Among 3rd Year Basic Bsc Nursing Students in Selected Nursing College Hassan District.
· To assess the existing knowledge regarding platelet transfusion among 3rd year Basic Bsc nursing students.
· To evaluate the effectiveness of computer assisted teaching programme on knowledge regarding platelet transfusion among 3rd year Basic Bsc nursing students in terms of pre and post test.
· To determine the association between the knowledge scores with selected socio- demographic variables among 3rd year Basic Bsc nursing students.
H1: The post test knowledge score will be higher then that of the pre-test knowledge scores related to platelets transfusion.
H2: There will be a significant association between knowledge score with selected socio- demographic variables among 3rd year Basic B.Sc nursing who received Computer assisted teaching programme regarding platelet transfusion.
1. 3rd year Basic B.Sc. Nursing students will have inadequate knowledge regarding platelet transfusion
2. Computer assisted teaching programme on platelets transfusion among 3rd year Basic B.Sc nursing students enhance their knowledge.
Pre Experimental One group Pre-test- Post-test research design was adopted for the present study. The pre-test was carried out for assessing the knowledge of platelets transfusion and CAT was administered. Post test was conducted on the 7th day following the pre-test.
|
Group |
Pre test |
Intervention |
Post test |
|
|
O1 |
X |
O2 |
|
|
Day 1 Administration of self administer structured knowledge questionnaires of 3rd year Basic BSc nursing students. |
Day 1 |
DAY 7 Administration of self administer structured knowledge questionnaires of 3rd year Basic B Sc nursing students. |
|
3rd year Basic |
Conducting |
||
|
BSc nursing |
Computer Assisted |
||
|
students of |
Teaching programme |
||
|
Government |
to the 3rd year Basic |
||
|
college of nursing |
BSc nursing |
||
|
Hassan. |
Students. |
The study was conducted at Government college of nursing, Hassan District.Population in the present study was of 3 rd year Basic BSc nursing students of colleges of nursing, Hassan District. In the present study, 50 nursing students of colleges of nursing, Hassan District. Non-probability convenient sampling technique was used to select the samples for this study.
RESULTS
|
Characteristics |
Category |
Respondents |
|
|
F |
Percentage |
||
|
Gender |
Male |
6 |
12.0 |
|
Female |
44 |
88.0 |
|
|
Age group (years) |
20-22 |
44 |
88.0 |
|
22 & above |
6 |
12.0 |
|
|
Religion |
Hindu |
38 |
76.0 |
|
Christian |
12 |
24.0 |
|
|
Family income/month |
Rs.5,000-10,000 |
29 |
58.0 |
|
Rs.10,001-20,000 |
18 |
36.0 |
|
|
Rs.20,001-30,000 |
3 |
6.0 |
|
|
Place of Residence |
Rural |
40 |
80.0 |
|
Urban |
10 |
20.0 |
|
|
Previous knowledge on Nurses responsibility |
Yes |
27 |
54.0 |
|
No |
23 |
46.0 |
|
|
Assisted to the platelets transfusion |
Yes |
12 |
24.0 |
|
No |
38 |
76.0 |
|
|
Previous source of Information |
Mass media |
10 |
20.0 |
|
Friends/Relatives |
3 |
6.0 |
|
|
Self reading |
17 |
34.0 |
|
|
Health personnel |
14 |
28.0 |
|
|
Others |
6 |
12.0 |
|
The above table depicts distribution respondents based on gender. It reveals that majority of respondents (88%) were females while remaining 12% of them are males.It reveals that majority of respondents (88%) were belongs to the age between 20-22 years and 12% of respondents belong to the age between 22 years and above . most of respondents family income (58%) was between Rs.5,000-10,000; 36% of them had family income between Rs.10,001-20,000; and remaining 6% had family income between Rs. 20,001-30,000. most of respondents (80%) were from rural area and 20% were from urban area. most of respondents (54%) had previous knowledge on nurses responsibility and 46% of respondents had no previous knowledge on nurses responsibility. most of respondents (76.%) had assisted platelets transfusion and 24% of respondents had not assisted to the platelets transfusion, most of respondents (34.%) got information from self reading, (28%) got information from health personnel, (20%) got information from Mass media, (12.0%) got information from others and 6.0% from Friends/Relatives.
Table 2: Classification of Respondent on Pre test Knowledge level on Platelets transfusion
|
Knowledge Level |
Category |
Respondents |
|
|
Number |
Percent |
||
|
Inadequate |
≤ 50 % Score |
38 |
76.0 |
|
Moderate |
51-75 % Score |
12 |
24.0 |
|
Adequate |
> 75 % Score |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Total |
|
50 |
100.0 |
The above table depicts the respondents on pre test knowledge level on platelets transfusion . It reveals that 76 % of respondents had inadequate knowledge and 24 % of the respondents had moderate knowledge and no one exhibited with adequate knowledge.
Table 3: Classification of Respondents of Post test Knowledge level on Platelets transfusion
|
Knowledge Level |
Category |
Respondents |
|
|
Number |
Percent |
||
|
Inadequate |
≤ 50 % Score |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Moderate |
51-75 % Score |
18 |
36.0 |
|
Adequate |
> 75 % Score |
32 |
64.0 |
|
Total |
|
50 |
100.0 |
The above table depicts respondents on post test knowledge on platelets transfusion . It reveals that 64 % of respondents were had adequate knowledge and 36% of respondents were had moderate knowledge.
Table 4: Classification of Respondents on Pre test and Post test Knowledge level on Platelets transfusion N=50
|
Knowledge Level |
Category |
Classification of Respondents |
χ 2 Value |
|||
|
Pre test |
Post test |
|||||
|
Frequency |
Percent |
Frequency |
Percent |
|||
|
Inadequate |
≤ 50 % Score |
38 |
76.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
71.20* |
|
Moderate |
51-75 % Score |
12 |
24.0 |
18 |
36.0 |
|
|
Adequate |
> 75 % Score |
0 |
0.0 |
32 |
64.0 |
|
|
Total |
|
50 |
100.0 |
50 |
100.0 |
|
* Significant at 5% level, χ2 (0.05,2df ) = 5.991
The above table depicts that 76 % of respondents were had inadequate knowledge and 24% of respondents had moderate knowledge in pre test. After post test 36 % of respondents were had moderate knowledge and 64% of respondents were had adequate knowledge on platelets transfusion.
|
No. |
Knowledge Aspects |
Respondents Knowledge (%) |
Paired „t‟ Test |
|||||
|
Pre test |
Post test |
Enhancement |
||||||
|
Mean |
SD |
Mean |
SD |
Mean |
SD |
|||
|
I |
Anatomy and Physiology |
49.5 |
16.2 |
85.0 |
13.0 |
35.5 |
20.1 |
12.49* |
|
II |
Platelets Transfusion definition, Principles and Collection |
38.9 |
18.1 |
72.0 |
15.6 |
33.1 |
21.7 |
10.79* |
|
III |
Storage, Indications and Contraindications |
27.7 |
16.5 |
79.3 |
14.4 |
51.7 |
19.8 |
18.46* |
|
IV |
Ordering, Administering and Transfuse |
31.0 |
35.9 |
79.0 |
31.8 |
48.0 |
38.7 |
8.77* |
|
V |
Procedure, after care of platelets |
36.0 |
29.7 |
81.3 |
20.2 |
45.3 |
28.9 |
11.08* |
|
VI |
Hypersensitivity reactions, Complications of Platelets transfusion and Nurses responsibility |
35.5 |
24.5 |
75.5 |
20.9 |
40.0 |
29.6 |
9.56* |
|
|
Combined |
38.2 |
11.6 |
78.8 |
8.7 |
40.6 |
13.8 |
20.80* |
* Significant at 5% level, t (0.05,49df ) = 1.96
The above table depicts the overall aspect wise mean percentage in post test ( 78.8%) was higher than mean percentage of pre test (38.2%) with the enhancement of mean knowledge score (40.6%) the paired„t‟ test analysis shows that t=20.80* found more than the table value. Hence there is significant increase in post test knowledge level than pre test knowledge level regarding platelets transfusion at 0.05 level of significance.
Table 6: Association between Demographic variables and Pre test Knowledge level on Platelets transfusion
|
Demographic Variables |
Category |
Sample |
Knowledge Level |
χ 2 Valu e |
P Value |
|||
|
Inadequate |
Moderate |
|||||||
|
N |
% |
N |
% |
|||||
|
Gender |
Male |
6 |
2 |
33.3 |
4 |
66.7 |
6.81* |
P<0.05 |
|
Female |
44 |
36 |
81.8 |
8 |
18.2 |
|||
|
Age group (years) |
20-22 |
44 |
36 |
81.8 |
8 |
18.2 |
6.81* |
P<0.05 |
|
22 & above |
6 |
2 |
33.3 |
4 |
66.7 |
|||
|
Religion |
Hindu |
38 |
27 |
71.1 |
11 |
28.9 |
2.13 NS |
P>0.05 |
|
Christian |
12 |
11 |
91.7 |
1 |
8.3 |
|||
|
Family income/month |
Rs.5,000-10,000 |
29 |
22 |
75.9 |
7 |
24.1 |
0.18 NS |
P>0.05 |
|
Rs.10,001-20,000 |
18 |
14 |
77.8 |
4 |
22.2 |
|||
|
Rs.20,001-30,000 |
3 |
2 |
66.7 |
1 |
33.3 |
|||
|
Place of Residence |
Rural |
40 |
33 |
82.5 |
7 |
17.5 |
4.63* |
P<0.05 |
|
Urban |
10 |
5 |
50.0 |
5 |
50.0 |
|||
|
Previous knowledge on Nurses responsibility |
Yes |
27 |
24 |
88.9 |
3 |
11.1 |
5.35* |
P<0.05 |
|
No |
23 |
14 |
60.9 |
9 |
39.1 |
|||
|
Assisted Platelets transfusion |
Yes |
12 |
10 |
83.3 |
2 |
16.7 |
0.47 NS |
P>0.05 |
|
No |
38 |
28 |
73.7 |
10 |
26.3 |
|||
|
Previous source of Information |
Mass media |
10 |
7 |
70.0 |
3 |
30.0 |
6.51 NS |
P>0.05 |
|
Friends/Relatives |
3 |
3 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|||
|
Self reading |
17 |
10 |
58.8 |
7 |
41.2 |
|||
|
Health personnel |
14 |
12 |
85.7 |
2 |
14.3 |
|||
|
Others |
6 |
6 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|||
|
Combined |
|
50 |
38 |
76.0 |
12 |
24.0 |
|
|
|
Demographic Variables |
Category |
Sample |
Knowledge Level |
χ 2 Valu e |
P Value |
|||
|
Moderate |
Adequate |
|||||||
|
N |
% |
N |
% |
|||||
|
Gender |
Male |
6 |
2 |
33.3 |
4 |
66.7 |
0.02 NS |
P>0.05 |
|
Female |
44 |
16 |
36.4 |
28 |
63.6 |
|||
|
Age group (years) |
20-22 |
44 |
16 |
36.4 |
28 |
63.6 |
0.02 NS |
P>0.05 |
|
22 & above |
6 |
2 |
33.3 |
4 |
66.7 |
|||
|
Religion |
Hindu |
38 |
11 |
26.3 |
28 |
73.7 |
6.45* |
P<0.05 |
|
Christian |
12 |
8 |
66.7 |
4 |
33.3 |
|||
|
Family income/month |
Rs.5,000-10,000 |
29 |
8 |
27.6 |
21 |
72.4 |
2.43 NS |
P>0.05 |
|
Rs.10,001-20,000 |
18 |
9 |
50.0 |
9 |
50.0 |
|||
|
Rs.20,001-30,000 |
3 |
1 |
33.3 |
2 |
66.7 |
|||
|
Place of Residence |
Rural |
40 |
18 |
45.0 |
24 |
55.0 |
7.03* |
P<0.05 |
|
Urban |
10 |
0 |
0.0 |
10 |
100.0 |
|||
|
Previous knowledge on Nurses responsibility |
Yes |
27 |
14 |
51.9 |
13 |
48.1 |
6.40* |
P<0.05 |
|
No |
23 |
4 |
17.4 |
19 |
82.6 |
|||
|
Assisted Platelets transfusion |
Yes |
12 |
8 |
66.7 |
4 |
33.3 |
6.45* |
P<0.05 |
|
No |
38 |
10 |
26.3 |
28 |
73.7 |
|||
|
Previous source of Information |
Mass media |
10 |
3 |
30.0 |
7 |
70.0 |
1.93 NS |
P>0.05 |
|
Friends/Relatives |
3 |
2 |
66.7 |
1 |
33.3 |
|||
|
Self reading |
17 |
7 |
41.2 |
10 |
58.8 |
|||
|
Health personnel |
14 |
4 |
28.6 |
10 |
71.4 |
|||
|
Others |
6 |
2 |
33.3 |
4 |
66.7 |
|||
|
Combined |
|
50 |
18 |
36.0 |
32 |
64.0 |
|
|
The above tables depicts that, in pre test 81.8% of respondents who were female and 33.3% of respondents who were male had inadequate knowledge level.In post test 66.7% of respondents who were male followed by 63.6% of respondents who were female adequate knowledge.However, knowledge level in pre test (χ 2 =6.81) and gender of respondents found statistically significant at 0.05 level. Knowledge level in post test (χ 2 =0.02) and gender of respondents found statistically not significant at 0.05 level . Hence there is no significant association between knowledge level of respondents and gender in post test
The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of 3 rd year Basic BSc nursing students regarding platelets transfusion as well as provide information about platelets transfusion through Computer assisted teaching programme and test its effectiveness on the knowledge of 3rd year Basic BSc nursing students.
REFERENCES:
1. Ross and Wilson. Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness. 7th Edition volume 1. Ellen Green Publishers. 2001; p. 55-80.
2. Daniel M Avery, Katthy T Avery. Blood component therapy. American Journal of Critical Medicine 2010 7(2) 57-59. Available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platelet.
3. Dipika moharnthy, Seghatchian J. Platelet therapy: Current opinions on laboratory and clinical aspects. Transfuse Sci.1997; 18:345–50. Available at http://www.ncbi.nim.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2798780.
Received on 26.12.2022 Modified on 02.01.2023
Accepted on 09.01.2023 ©AandV Publications All right reserved
Asian J. Nursing Education and Research. 2023; 13(1):39-42.
DOI: 10.52711/2349-2996.2023.00010