ABSTRACT:
Background: Early detection through screening programs remains fundamental to cervical cancer prevention. However, validated instruments to measure knowledge and attitudes in rural populations are limited. Objectives: This study aimed to (1) validate a survey instrument designed to evaluate knowledge and attitudes regarding cervical cancer screening among rural women using path analysis methodology, and (2) examine the relationships between knowledge, attitudes, and screening behaviors, identifying key facilitators and barriers to screening participation in this population. Methods: A structured questionnaire assessing cervical cancer risk factors, screening methods, and attitudes was administered to 80 rural women in Tenkasi, Tamil Nadu, India. Path analysis techniques were employed to examine the interrelationships among knowledge, attitudes, and screening behaviors. Results: The path model demonstrated adequate fit indices (CFI=1.00, GFI=1.00, RMSEA=0.000), revealing a complex framework underlying knowledge and attitudes. Educational attainment emerged as a significant predictor of knowledge (ß=0.522, p<0.001), which subsequently influenced attitudes toward screening (ß=0.462, p<0.001). Socioeconomic factors demonstrated substantial influence on both knowledge and attitudes. Conclusion: Findings underscore the necessity for tailored interventions addressing specific attitudinal barriers and knowledge deficits. Understanding these determinants can inform public health strategies that reduce barriers and promote proactive health-seeking behaviors among underserved populations.